Child Labor and England’s Industrial Revolution Essay

Child Labor and England’s Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution in nineteenth-century England brought about many changes in British society. It was the advent of faster means of production, growing wealth for the Nation and a surplus of new jobs for thousands of people living in poverty. Cities were growing too fast to adequately house the numerous people pouring in, thus leading to squalid living conditions, increased filth and disease, and the families reliance upon their children to survive. The exploitation of children hit an all time peak in Britain when generations of its youth were sacrificed to child labor and the â€Å"Coffers† of England. From the late 18th century to the mid 19th century, the economy in†¦show more content†¦One child, Miss Elizabeth Bentley testified to the British Parliament in 1832 (during investigations), â€Å"That at the age of four, she worked from five in the morning until nine at night, six days a week. She received one penny and hour and with that she helped support her widowed mother and herself (IRbentley.htm).† Often times the children were not given their breaks and were told to eat their lunch as they worked. In the cotton, silk, and lace factories this resulted in the food becoming littered with material, rendering it difficult (if not impossible) to eat. The factories that these children worked in were extremely dirty and infested with rats, leading to poor health and the spread of disease. According to Miss Elizabeth Bentley: â€Å" after years of working in the card room, her lungs became so damaged that she could barely breathe. Her health forced her to quit and left her incapable of working by the time she was twenty (IRbentley.htm). Along with respiratory problems, each year thousands of children lost fingers, hands, and other various body parts in factory accidents. These injuries, accompanied with the sickness and disease that ran ramped through the factories created gruesome working conditions. It is no wonder, that many proponents to child labor in England would compare these children to â€Å"West Indian Slaves† and blame â€Å"brutal factory masters and parents forShow MoreRelatedEffects Of The Industrial Revolution On England1507 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of the Industrial Revolution on England The Industrial Revolution in England brought significant changes to the country both positive and negative. The Industrial Revolution was generally positive because of the development of technology and a better standard of living. However, some of the negative aspects were the terrible labor conditions and the mistreatment of women and children. Industrial Revolution in England started in the 1760s and went on until around 1850. Life beforeRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution1463 Words   |  6 Pagesthe 18th century. 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To industrialize Great Britain, laborers worked in factories and mills under horrible conditions. Despite attempts by Parliament to address problems with the factories’ working conditions through the passage of new legis lation, their

Stakeholders Of The Family Firm Essay - 1690 Words

Stakeholders in Family Firms The greatest threats to the progress, success and endurance of the family firm are familial relationships. Stakeholders which are mainly considered in the planning process are spouse, children, employees and their families, vendors, suppliers, consumers and the community. It is important to ensure that if there is going to be a transition in leadership, the people who are selected are well-qualified enough. Not only are the employees to be considered, but their families who are dependent on them should be considered as well. The success of customers, suppliers and vendors is entirely dependent on the degree of success of the family firm. They have an indirect investment in your company. The community is dependent on your financial as well as social deeds. Contribution of services and manpower, charity, and taxes make you an important part of the community, and the community comes to depend on the organization. Succession in Family Business In family businesses, the owners of the company are very concerned with building a legacy for their successor. Succession planning involves the decision of leading the company in the next generation. Less than one-third of family firms endure the transition from the first generation to the second, and 13% of family firms remain in the industry for more than 60 years. There is no time spent in preparing the company and its people for the change. There is very little thought imparted to the process ofShow MoreRelatedFactors Affecting Global Business Environment1589 Words   |  7 PagesAs one of the most dominant organisational forms in global business environment, family businesses have been drawing attention among management scholars with a strong focus especially on â€Å"succession, performance, and governance† of these companies (Astrachan Shanker, 2003; Zahra Sharma, 2004). 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Impacts On The American Revolution Essay Example For Students

Impacts On The American Revolution Essay Many things contributed to the American Revolution besides the American people themselves. Some influential ideas that contributed to the Revolution are Enlightenment ideas. The Enlightenment thinkers behind these ideas are John Locke, and Voltaire. Economics also had I major impact on the American Revolution. Geography also played a major part the uprising of the American Revolution. There were many Enlightenment ideas that provoked the American colonists to start the American Revolution. John Locke was very influential with his ideas of consent of governed, and limited Monarchy. Voltaire also had great ideas which contribute to the American Revolution such as that the government should be run by Natural Law instead of Gods Law. In war time it is a proven fact that the British economy boasts just like in the French and Indian War. In the act of trade and navigation Britain forced the American colonies to trade only with English or ships heavily taxed by England. In 1764 Parliament passed a law saying sugar and molasses were to be tax, and paid in cash. This act was called the Sugar Act. To pay in cash was especially hard for colonist because they relied on the barter system. In 1765 Parliament passed another law were colonist had to pay taxes on official seals on legal papers, playing cards, and newspapers. This was called the Stamp Act. This was also to be paid in cash. In result of anger toward England for passing all these laws and acts the colonists organized, boycotting all of the things taxed by the Stamp Act. In 1774 the British punished the Massachusetts colony for there acts at the Boston Tea Party. The British moved the Capital to Salem. They closed Boston Harbor. England also sent 4000 troops to enforce these laws. In result of all this Americans set up the First Continental Congress. They decided to stop all trade with England and organized colonial militias. This was all ignored by England. The colonies in return set up the Continental Congress. The declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. After these events war was inevitable with England. Geography had a major effect on the start of the American Revolution. The Atlantic Ocean separated England and the American colonies, but still the British demanded control over the united states. The proclamation of 1763 was a Royal order to stop the colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains. The distance between the two made it especially hard for Britain to enforce their laws on the American colonies. To enforce their laws Britain sent soldiers to live in American colonists homes in 1765. This was called the Quartering Act. In the end Britain the strongest empire in the world ended up losing the Revolutionary War, and all of its land in America. Enlightenment thinking, economics, and geography all helped in some way toward an American victory. Enlightenment thinking help the American colonists to now what they want in a government. Economics such as taxation and the Quartering Act angered the American colonists, pushing them towards war. Geography made in hard for Britain to launch an attach on the Americans, leaving there incoming British troops vulnerable.

Zappos Case Study Operations Management

Abstract Zappos.com is the largest online shoe retailer in America and it is owned by Amazon.com. The company is based in Henderson, Nevada. It was founded in 1999 by Nick Swinmurn. 1n 2009, the company was acquired by Amazon. Tony Hsier is the current CEO.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Zappos Case Study: Operations Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zappos mission is â€Å"to provide the best customer service possible†. Its core values are captured by what it refers to as the â€Å"ten Commandments†, which employees are supposed to study, internalize, and practice. The company believes that the right corporate culture is the foundation of exceptional customer service. Zappos is a rapidly growing company that is also profitable. It has made a significant contribution to Amazon’s profitability. Since 2005, Amazon had been toying with the idea of starting an online retailer of s hoes and that is why it started endless.com. The company, however, decided to acquire Zappos. The decision to acquire Zappos was an inspired one because growth prospects are exceptionally bright under the leadership of Tony Hsier. Zappos is a reputable company to work for. It was listed among the top companies that treat employees well. The company does not only treat employees well, it also it also compensates them handsomely. Employees are trained under a program of continuous self improvement and handed countless other challenges that are motivating. Zappos is involved in number of activities aimed at protecting the environment. The company also provides direct job opportunities to almost 2000 employees and indirectly to hundreds. This is good for the American economy. When many companies in the US are outsourcing jobs to India, zappos has made the conscious decision to locate its call centre in United States. The company was not hugely affected by the 2007 financial crisis, but it had to offload 5% of its workers at some point. Looking at its revenue figures, Zappos growth has been impressive. This has been due to its commitment to exceptional customer service. Future prospects for the company are significant because it is now a trusted brand. Secondly, almost all of its first customer buyers make repeat purchases. As long Zappos maintain its excellent and innovative customer service, it will continue to gain more market share. Organization and continuity Operational process A company such as Zappos that ships shoes and other accessories to clients once they buy online requires considerable operational processes to be reliable (DiJulius, 2008). For activities to be performed in a standard way, there is a need for operational processes and procedures. Common activities in a firm can be accomplished in several ways, but there that single way that is both cheap and efficient. Documenting operational processes help a firm avoid failures and other costly mistak es.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Training new employees includes educating them on operational processes. Most firms do not provide formal training as such, but new employees are put under more experienced workers to mentor and transfer the required knowledge on operational processes and procedures (DiJulius, 2008). Operational processes are essentially documented best practices that have been adapted from elsewhere or developed in-house. Operations are harmonized by integrating processes and people to drive reliability and improve capacity. When Zappos was incorporated, it faced a number of operational challenges in their quest to ensure that they ship products to their customers successfully (Laseter Rabinovich, 2012). To deal with the problems, Zappos adopted a highly sophisticated computer system called Genghis. Gengis manages the operations of the company. It m anages the following key areas of operations: order entry, warehouse management, e-commerce system, and inventory (Zappos.com). If a customer wants a certain size of a particular shoe, he can be able to check its availability and the total number of shoes in the store of that size and their colors. The system also reminds employees to call back customers and also coordinates reboot system of the warehouse. The management gets reports on profit contribution of selling a certain product in their online store. This way, the management can be able to assess whether it’s profitable to sell a certain product or not before stocking. Management style Management style refers to ways decisions are made in an organization and relating to subordinates. Management styles can be autocratic, paternalistic, or democratic. According to management experts, management style should be adapted to fit the prevailing circumstances. In a modern organization, democratic management style has been foun d to give the best results. Democratic or participative management style is suitable for employee motivation because they feel appreciated and part of the organization. They also feel that they own the final decision reached, and this inspires them to cooperate towards the realization of what has been decided. This type of management style is best when working as a team. It is the best where quality of what will be produced is more essential than speed.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Zappos Case Study: Operations Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tony Hsier has distinguished himself as a great manager. He realized that Zappos needed to offer a excellent service stay ahead of the competition. Towards that end, he developed a work environment where employees work as a team all committed to offering delightful service to customers. One of the decisions Tony, together with his employees, made at Zapp os was to adopt casual dressing style (DiJulius, 2008). Also, during the early days of the company, the whole team collectively developed organizational culture and key values. One of the reasons that have made Zappos a dominant company is the management style of its CEO, Tony Hsier. The vision of the CEO was to make a successful company that, despite size, could still offer customers exceptional service. That is why the company invests so much on training new employees. New hires on training is given full salary and a $2000 for those who wish to opt out. Employee involvement which contributed to their growth over the years According Tony, zappos is a company that is committed to delivering happiness to all the stakeholders (Hsieh, 2011). He is focused on making customers happy. This singular focus on the customer’s happiness is largely responsible for the company enormous success. It is also from this focus that informs its corporate culture. Tony Hsier believes that when a company is able to attract talented people who also enjoy their work, it is possible to offer exceptional service and develop a strong brand in the process (Hsieh, 2011). The people who are recruited by the company is committed to offering delightful service to customers. New Employees, who feel that they cannot cope, or lack sufficient motivation to work there, are encouraged to leave the company and are given a $2000 reward (Zappos.com). During interviews, employees are sometimes asked to rate their weirdness on a scale of 10. Interviewers sometimes push job applicants to extreme situations so that they can gauge their reactions when under pressure (Laseter Rabinovich, 2012). During the early days of the company, workers would stay late into the night to socialize. The goal was to create an organization where everyone is friendly. A test of innovation is given to prospective employees. Innovation is critical to the company, and it is indeed its hallmark, since it was founded. It is now even more urgent because of emerging vendors who have copied Zappos strategy and business models. Zappos, therefore, has been able to reach this far by relying on the employee’s innovativeness and commitment to excellent service.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Companies may be large, but it is real people that can give individual customers enjoyable and memorable service that they are able to identify with. Eighty per cent of all Zappos customers are repeat customers. They come back, again and again, due to the great service they get from employees. Therefore, by committing themselves to making customers happy, they have made Zappos the excellent company it is. Marketing practices Marketing is a crucial aspect of any business. Proper marketing involves not only physical goods but also puts into consideration services surrounding those goods. Proper marketing requires proper understanding of the key factors that would enable a business get customers and keep them. Keeping customers is as important as getting them. This is essential getting a new customer is more expensive than keeping an existing one. Zappos is aware of what customers are looking for when they go online to shop. According to Tony, they are not only looking for a pair of sh oes, but also after a pleasant buying experience. That experience can only be achieved by integrating personalized service and excellent operations management. Good marketing practices include the following: developing a marketing plan, budget, securing necessary resources and; lastly, establishing metrics to assess the impact of marketing on business (Laseter Rabinovich, 2012). Zappos relies on, among other things, word of mouth marketing. This strategy has worked because stories of their superior customer service abound, and this drives customers to their website to make purchases. This has propelled the store to number one online shoe retailer. Zappos strategy and motto is â€Å"customers are kings†. The company, therefore, goes out of its way to meet customer needs and ingratiate itself to buyers to retain their loyalty. Service helps Zappos standout from the crowd and differentiates itself. Although their shoes are not necessarily cheaper than what their competitors are offering, their efficiency, free shipping, and 365 day return policy is particularly attractive to prospective customers. Zappos also incorporates hiring in its marketing strategy. The only people given the job are those whose personality fits the work culture at Zappos. Together with the four Ps of marketing, customer service complements marketing efforts and it’s what brings all the difference. Area of focus they manage their operation under Zappos, like other companies, is a complex organization. It has been able to grow at such a rate by adopting the right strategies in areas such as marketing, supply chain management, proper operational planning, good management, employing innovative human resource management, and making customers the central focus of all operations. However, Zappos is totally committed to providing customers a excellent service. For instance, the company has adopted the following strategies to provide customers with a great service: Call centre employe es do not follow a preset script in dealing with customers queries. Zappos requires them use as much time as may be required to solve customers’ problem or make a positive impression. Employees are allowed to send customers gifts and later bill the company. According to Tony Hsier, the company does not have a policy of dealing with customers (Hsieh, 2011). Employees are expected to make a decision based on the circumstances of their interactions with the client. The only guide an employee has is that they should offer outstanding service to the client. All goods are shipped to customers free, and customers can return the products, if they are not happy, at the cost of the company. Customers are provided with a 365 days warranty. This allows customers to return faulty items. The corporate culture and commandments are developed around the need for make customers happy. Tony elaborated more on Zappos philosophy of making customers in his recent book. What he has emphasized is th e need to serve customers well and make them happy. That has been Tony’s vision for the company since incorporation of Zappos (Hsieh, 2011). Amazon attempt to acquire the company in 2005 was rejected because the CEO felt that the company would lose its unique culture. As noted elsewhere in this paper, Genghis system was adopted to make it easier for customers to shop at Zappos. How Zappos improved market share/Profits Zappos was a pioneer online shoe retailer. Nick got the idea of starting an online shoe retailer after unsuccessfully trying to purchase a pair of shoes in his hometown (Hsieh, 2011). In 2001, Zappos posted 1.6million dollars in revenue. Ten years later, the company’s revenue has jumped to around 2 billion dollars. By all accounts, the company’s growth has been extremely impressive. The shoe market is estimated to be around 40 billion dollars. Zappos, a shore retailer, therefore, controls around 5% share of the market (Laseter Rabinovich, 2012). T his is notable for a single company because the industry has all type of shoe vendors (small and large) operating offline and a few online. Summary The secret to Zappos success is customer service. Zappos commitment to customer service is becoming legendary. There is a story about a woman who had ordered a pair of shoes for her husband but, unfortunately, the man died shortly after the order for the pair of shoes was placed. The lady called the company to cancel the purchase. The following day, she received a bunch of flowers instead. Stories of exceptional service, such as this, have enhanced the reputation of the retailer. Although it costs Zappos a lot of money to provide exceptional service, the company considers the expenses as marketing costs. As already noted, 80% of the company sales are to repeat customers. Clearly, customers notice and appreciate the good service they are given by Zappos. The outstanding reputation Zappos has acquired is responsible for its growth. Right n ow, the company is expanding to include online sales of other products, such as shoes, in addition to shoes. Zappos is a case study on how excellent customer service driven by robust corporate culture can drive growth. Indeed all managers who care about customer service have visited the company’s headquarters to understand how the company executes its happiness vision for its customers. The success of the company also highlights the importance of leadership in laying the foundation for success. The incredible service that is behind the success of the company is the brainchild of one man, Tony Hsier. He has driven the company through changes in its operational process to achieve its current excellence. References DiJulius, J. R. (2008). What’s the secret?: to providing a world-class customer experience. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Hsieh, T. (2011). Delivering happiness: a path to profits, passion, and purpose.. New York: Grand Central Pub, 2011. Print. Laseter, T. M., Rabino vich, E. (2012). Internet retail operations: integrating theory and practice for managers. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. â€Å"Zappos Milestone: Timeline | about.zappos.com.† Home | about.zappos.com. N.p., n.d. retrieved https://www.zappos.com/about/?utm_campaign=zapposutm_medium=zappos-homeutm_source=footerutm_content=text. This term paper on Zappos Case Study: Operations Management was written and submitted by user Mariah Coffey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.